Part
IV:
COMMITTEE
RECOMMENDATIONS
Quantification
of Wyoming
Sales Tax Exemptions
Prepared for the
Tax Reform
2000 Committee
Prepared by
Pickton and Associates
July 28, 1998
0041
Mtn. Laurel Ct Aspen, CO 81611 ph
(970)925-8012
1.
Introduction
This report details the potential Wyoming sales tax
revenues generated
by removing sales tax exemptions on professional services. Section 2 contains a
discussion of data
sources, their limitations, and the data collection methodology
chosen for this
analysis. The level of
service industry
detail used for this study leads to both a “high” and a “low”
estimate for the
potential sales tax revenues.
The two
estimates are discussed in section 3 in addition to listing the
service sectors
that were not included in this study.
Section 4 discusses the price versus quantity changes in
the service
industry and the resulting implications for tax
policy.
Three tables follow the discussion of data. Tables 1 and 2 list the “high” and “low” estimates
of sales tax
revenues, respectively, by 13 service industry categories. The tables include estimates
of Wyoming
industry output and value added, and potential sales tax revenues
generated by
both Wyoming and non-Wyoming firms.
Table 3 is a detailed industry breakdown of tables 1 and
2.
2. Data
Sources and Methods
Sales tax revenue possibilities would ideally be found by
multiplying
together actual sales and the tax rate.
Unfortunately, data on actual sales of professional
services is very
limited. The 1992
economic census
provides information on gross receipts of certain
industries. However, in order not to
provide information
that would identify specific firms within an industry
(“non-disclosure”
agreements), the level of detail is not sufficient to separate
out service
sectors.
The Minnesota IMPLAN Group (MIG), a well-recognized
economic data
provider, uses a proprietary procedure to circumvent the
“non-disclosure”
problems inherent in the 1992 economic census.
Their procedure divides the economy into 528 sectors,
estimates the
employment for each sector, and uses the average national output
per worker in
that sector to estimate Wyoming industry output and value
added. Proprietary software from the
Regional
Research Institute can then be used to separate each of the 528
sectors into
four-digit SIC code industry detail.
This level of detail allows most of the output of
Wyoming’s tax-exempt
service sectors to be identified.
Further, MIG provides information on the percentage of
Wyoming
resident’s demand for each service that is fulfilled by
out-of-state
companies. This
information, combined
with the output of Wyoming firms, should approximate the sales of
services in
Wyoming. Differences
would arise if
in-state firms provide services out-of-state, or if the Wyoming
average output
per employee for an industry differs significantly from the
national average
output per employee.
The construction and
landscaping sectors
must be treated in an alternate manner.
These industries currently pay taxes on materials used on
real
property. Therefore,
treating value
added, not total industry output, as the tax base will accurately
reflect the
additional sales taxes created by removing these sectors’
exemptions. Tables 1 through 3 reflect
this tax base
method. An additional
problem arises
because all services provided by out-of-state firms are treated
as occurring
in-state. This is
certainly a
reasonable assumption for construction services, though this
method will
overstate the tax base for services such as health, where
significant purchases
are made out-of-state.
Tables 1 through
3 separate in-state and out-of-state taxes so this problem may be
addressed
apart from this study.
3. “High” vs. “Low”
Estimates and
Excluded Sectors
The estimation of additional tax revenues is also
problematic because
13 industries contain a mix of exempt and non-exempt
services. For example, both inter- and
intra-state
telephone communications are combined in SIC code 4813, though
only inter-state
telephone communications are currently exempt from sales
taxes. The solution used here is to
treat the 13
industries as completely exempt in table 1 and non-exempt in
table 2. Table 3 lists these industries
with a “**”
by their SIC code for identification.
The sectors and their related problems
are:
a. SIC 4780 – Miscellaneous
Transportation
Services – contains both intra- and inter-state transportation
services, only
intra-state services are taxable.
b. SIC 4221-26 – Warehousing and
Storage –
renting real property is currently exempt, renting tangible
personal property
is taxable.
c.
SIC 4813, 4820, and 4890 –
Communications
Services – contains both intra- and inter-state communications
services, only
intra-state services are taxable.
d. SIC 7342 – Disinfecting and
Pest Control
Services – exempt if performed on real property, taxable if
performed on
tangible personal property.
e. SIC 7371 – Computer
Programming Services –
exempt if developing custom software, taxable if altering
existing software.
f.
SIC
7382 – Security
Systems Services – exempt if installed in real property, taxable
if installed
in tangible personal property.
g. SIC 7999 – Miscellaneous
Amusement and
Recreation Services – contains some tax exempt sectors such as
hunting and
fishing guide services, and other taxable sectors such as
admission to school
and college sporting events.
Services and sales
of TPP for which estimation is not possible using the above
techniques are:
a. Labor charges on repairs to
railroad
rolling stock.
b. Sales of power or fuel to a
person engaged
in the transportation business when the same is consumed directly
for actual
transportation purposes.
c.
Sales of carbon dioxide or
other gases used
in tertiary production.
d. Sales of lodging services
provided by a
person known to the trade and public as guide or
outfitter.
3. Price vs. Quantity Changes
Economic studies repeatedly show that as the price of a
service
increases, the quantity purchased decreases.
For services which consumers deem very necessary, such as
health care,
the tax base will shrink very little with tax increases. However, most amusement and
recreation
services are much more sensitive to price movements, causing the
tax base to
erode when taxes are increased.
While
tax base changes are not readily computable, it should be
recognized that the results
in this study will slightly overstate the value of removing
exemptions because
of changes in purchasing behavior.
Table
1 -- High
Estimate of Potential Sales Tax Revenues
(in millions of 1998 $'s) |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sector Description |
Wyoming Industry Output |
Wyo Ind. Value Added |
Wyo firm Tax Potential |
non-Wyo firm Tax Potential |
Total Tax Potential (4% rate) |
Agriculture Services |
102.98 |
70.11 |
4.064 |
1.646 |
5.71 |
Industrial and Mining Services |
164.19 |
84.21 |
4.905 |
8.306 |
13.21 |
Construction |
1761.47 |
720.28 |
28.811 |
0.508 |
29.32 |
Transportation Services |
550.59 |
253.02 |
22.024 |
7.658 |
29.68 |
Storage |
8.48 |
3.86 |
0.339 |
0.000 |
0.34 |
Utilities |
205.15 |
151.79 |
8.206 |
7.590 |
15.80 |
F.I.R.E. |
1520.81 |
838.50 |
60.832 |
67.487 |
128.32 |
Personal Services |
93.80 |
42.81 |
3.752 |
0.824 |
4.58 |
Business Services |
380.31 |
187.58 |
15.111 |
17.957 |
33.07 |
Health Services |
752.91 |
438.81 |
30.116 |
16.351 |
46.47 |
Legal Services |
131.68 |
101.80 |
5.267 |
4.487 |
9.75 |
Social Services |
167.87 |
86.83 |
6.715 |
0.730 |
7.45 |
Engineering and Management Services |
388.05 |
212.03 |
15.522 |
10.806 |
26.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Including
Table 3. ** Industries |
6228.29 |
3191.61 |
205.66 |
144.35 |
350.02 |
Table
2 -- Low
Estimate of Potential Sales Tax Revenues
(in millions of 1998 $'s) |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sector Description |
Wyoming Industry Output |
Wyo Ind. Value Added |
Wyo firm Tax Potential |
non-Wyo firm Tax Potential |
Total Tax Potential (4% rate) |
Agriculture Services |
102.98 |
70.11 |
4.064 |
1.646 |
5.71 |
Industrial and Mining Services |
164.19 |
84.21 |
4.905 |
8.306 |
13.21 |
Construction |
1761.47 |
720.28 |
28.811 |
0.508 |
29.32 |
Transportation Services |
549.82 |
252.66 |
21.993 |
6.146 |
28.14 |
Storage |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.00 |
Utilities |
44.05 |
31.32 |
1.762 |
1.398 |
3.16 |
F.I.R.E. |
1520.81 |
838.50 |
60.832 |
67.487 |
128.32 |
Personal Services |
90.24 |
40.44 |
3.610 |
0.793 |
4.40 |
Business Services |
276.45 |
130.09 |
10.956 |
13.914 |
24.87 |
Health Services |
752.91 |
438.81 |
30.116 |
16.351 |
46.47 |
Legal Services |
131.68 |
101.80 |
5.267 |
4.487 |
9.75 |
Social Services |
167.87 |
86.83 |
6.715 |
0.730 |
7.45 |
Engineering and Management Services |
388.05 |
212.03 |
15.522 |
10.806 |
26.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Omitting
Table 3. ** Industries |
5950.52 |
3007.07 |
194.55 |
132.57 |
327.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table
3 -- Industry Detail of Potential Sales Tax Revenues (in millions of 1998
$'s) |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SIC
Code |
Industry
Description |
Wyoming
Industry Output |
Wyo
Ind. Value Added |
Wyo
firm Tax Potential |
non-Wyo
firm Tax Potential |
Total
Tax Potential (4% rate) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agriculture
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0710 |
Soil preparation
services |
0.42 |
0.33 |
0.017 |
0.009 |
0.03 |
0720 |
Crop services |
2.74 |
2.17 |
0.110 |
0.062 |
0.17 |
0740 |
Veterinary services |
53.05 |
25.05 |
2.122 |
1.045 |
3.17 |
0750 |
Livestock services, except
veterinary |
5.16 |
4.08 |
0.207 |
0.116 |
0.32 |
0760 |
Farm labor and management
services |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.00 |
0780 |
Landscape and horticultural
services |
33.19 |
31.82 |
1.273 |
0.225 |
1.50 |
0850 |
Forestry services |
6.25 |
4.94 |
0.250 |
0.141 |
0.39 |
0920 |
Fishing, hunting and trapping
services |
2.16 |
1.71 |
0.087 |
0.049 |
0.14 |
|
Sub-Total |
102.98 |
70.11 |
4.064 |
1.646 |
5.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial
and Mining Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1080 |
Metal mining services |
37.30 |
22.61 |
1.492 |
0.000 |
1.49 |
1240 |
Coal mining services |
45.44 |
22.86 |
1.817 |
0.426 |
2.24 |
1480 |
Nonmetallic minerals
services |
1.91 |
0.91 |
0.076 |
2.466 |
2.54 |
2710 |
Newspapers |
79.26 |
37.68 |
1.507 |
5.319 |
6.83 |
2791 |
Typesetting |
0.29 |
0.15 |
0.012 |
0.094 |
0.11 |
|
Sub-Total |
164.19 |
84.21 |
4.905 |
8.306 |
13.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1510 |
General building
contractors |
12.34 |
5.05 |
0.202 |
0.004 |
0.21 |
1530 |
Operative builders |
603.99 |
246.98 |
9.879 |
0.174 |
10.05 |
1710 |
Plumbing, heating,
air-conditioning |
240.74 |
98.44 |
3.938 |
0.069 |
4.01 |
1720 |
Painting and paper
hanging |
46.89 |
19.17 |
0.767 |
0.014 |
0.78 |
1730 |
Electrical work |
279.11 |
114.13 |
4.565 |
0.080 |
4.65 |
1741 |
Masonry and other
stonework |
51.60 |
21.10 |
0.844 |
0.015 |
0.86 |
1742 |
Plastering, drywall, and
insulation |
76.51 |
31.29 |
1.251 |
0.022 |
1.27 |
1743 |
Terrazzo, tile, marble, mosaic
work |
4.26 |
1.74 |
0.070 |
0.001 |
0.07 |
1751 |
Carpentry work |
50.26 |
20.55 |
0.822 |
0.014 |
0.84 |
1752 |
Floor laying and floor
work |
7.63 |
3.12 |
0.125 |
0.002 |
0.13 |
1760 |
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal
work |
84.81 |
34.68 |
1.387 |
0.024 |
1.41 |
1770 |
Concrete work |
96.03 |
39.27 |
1.571 |
0.028 |
1.60 |
1780 |
Water well drilling |
16.35 |
6.69 |
0.267 |
0.005 |
0.27 |
1791 |
Structural Steel
Erection |
11.29 |
4.61 |
0.185 |
0.003 |
0.19 |
1793 |
Glass and glazing work |
5.07 |
2.07 |
0.083 |
0.001 |
0.08 |
1794 |
Excavation work |
53.89 |
22.04 |
0.882 |
0.016 |
0.90 |
1795 |
Wrecking and demolition
work |
5.76 |
2.35 |
0.094 |
0.002 |
0.10 |
1799 |
Special trade
contractors |
114.93 |
47.00 |
1.880 |
0.033 |
1.91 |
|
Sub-Total |
###### |
720.28 |
28.811 |
0.508 |
29.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transportation
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4215 |
Courier services, except by
air |
476.17 |
217.41 |
19.047 |
0.000 |
19.05 |
4513 |
Air courier services |
46.67 |
15.95 |
1.867 |
5.600 |
7.47 |
4724 |
Travel agencies |
24.00 |
17.17 |
0.960 |
0.411 |
1.37 |
4725 |
Tour operators |
2.41 |
1.72 |
0.096 |
0.041 |
0.14 |
4729 |
Passenger transport
arrangement |
0.54 |
0.39 |
0.021 |
0.009 |
0.03 |
4730 |
Freight transportation
arrangement |
0.04 |
0.02 |
0.002 |
0.084 |
0.09 |
4780** |
Miscellaneous transportation
services |
0.77 |
0.35 |
0.031 |
1.512 |
1.54 |
|
Sub-Total |
550.59 |
253.02 |
22.024 |
7.658 |
29.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Storage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4221** |
Farm product warehousing and
storage |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.00 |
4222** |
Refrigerated warehousing and
storage |
4.66 |
2.12 |
0.186 |
0.000 |
0.19 |
4225** |
General warehousing and
storage |
1.27 |
0.58 |
0.051 |
0.000 |
0.05 |
4226** |
Special warehousing and
storage |
2.55 |
1.16 |
0.102 |
0.000 |
0.10 |
|
Sub-Total |
8.48 |
3.86 |
0.339 |
0.000 |
0.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4813** |
Interstate telephone communications, exc.
Cellular |
159.01 |
118.91 |
6.360 |
6.111 |
12.47 |
4820** |
Telegraph and other
communications |
1.45 |
1.08 |
0.058 |
0.056 |
0.11 |
4840 |
Cable TV services |
33.70 |
25.21 |
1.348 |
1.295 |
2.64 |
4890** |
Communication services,
misc. |
0.64 |
0.48 |
0.026 |
0.025 |
0.05 |
4940 |
Water supply |
3.54 |
2.09 |
0.141 |
0.031 |
0.17 |
4950 |
Residential sanitary
services |
6.81 |
4.02 |
0.273 |
0.072 |
0.34 |
|
Sub-Total |
205.15 |
151.79 |
8.206 |
7.590 |
15.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F.I.R.E. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6020 |
Commercial Banks |
288.86 |
223.05 |
11.555 |
10.246 |
21.80 |
6030 |
Savings institutions |
47.39 |
36.60 |
1.895 |
1.681 |
3.58 |
6060 |
Credit unions |
37.21 |
28.73 |
1.488 |
1.320 |
2.81 |
6080 |
Foreign banks |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.00 |
6100 |
Nondepository credit
institutions |
67.76 |
15.93 |
2.710 |
2.404 |
5.11 |
6200 |
Security and commodity
brokers |
48.83 |
40.22 |
1.953 |
4.782 |
6.74 |
6300 |
Insurance carriers |
177.09 |
100.95 |
7.084 |
23.715 |
30.80 |
6500 |
Real estate |
788.37 |
377.66 |
31.535 |
21.023 |
52.56 |
6700 |
Holding and other investment
offices |
65.30 |
15.36 |
2.612 |
2.316 |
4.93 |
|
Sub-Total |
###### |
838.50 |
60.832 |
67.487 |
128.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personal
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7217** |
Carpet and upholstery
cleaning |
3.56 |
2.37 |
0.142 |
0.031 |
0.17 |
7230 |
Beauty shops |
37.30 |
20.21 |
1.492 |
0.328 |
1.82 |
7240 |
Barber shops |
1.19 |
0.64 |
0.048 |
0.010 |
0.06 |
7260 |
Funeral service and
crematories |
17.75 |
12.10 |
0.710 |
0.156 |
0.87 |
7291 |
Tax return preparation
services |
10.01 |
2.21 |
0.400 |
0.088 |
0.49 |
7299 |
Misc. personal
services |
23.99 |
5.29 |
0.959 |
0.211 |
1.17 |
|
Sub-Total |
93.80 |
42.81 |
3.752 |
0.824 |
4.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Business
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7311 |
Advertising agencies |
7.65 |
3.16 |
0.306 |
0.306 |
0.61 |
7312 |
Outdoor advertising
services |
2.11 |
0.88 |
0.084 |
0.084 |
0.17 |
7313 |
Radio, TV, publisher
representatives |
6.34 |
2.62 |
0.254 |
0.254 |
0.51 |
7319 |
Advertising, misc. |
0.32 |
0.14 |
0.013 |
0.013 |
0.03 |
7322 |
Adjustment and collection
services |
48.63 |
17.94 |
1.945 |
1.945 |
3.89 |
7323 |
Credit reporting
services |
10.42 |
3.85 |
0.417 |
0.417 |
0.83 |
7331 |
Direct mail advertising
services |
6.15 |
2.27 |
0.246 |
0.246 |
0.49 |
7338 |
Secretarial and court
reporting |
18.71 |
6.90 |
0.748 |
0.748 |
1.50 |
7342** |
Disinfecting and pest control
services |
0.40 |
0.24 |
0.016 |
0.016 |
0.03 |
7349 |
Building maintenance
services |
6.14 |
3.61 |
0.144 |
0.144 |
0.29 |
7361 |
Employment agencies |
11.27 |
10.11 |
0.451 |
2.054 |
2.50 |
7363 |
Help supply services |
11.27 |
10.11 |
0.451 |
2.054 |
2.50 |
7371** |
Computer programming
services |
36.35 |
19.17 |
1.454 |
3.393 |
4.85 |
7374 |
Data processing and
preparation |
12.42 |
6.55 |
0.497 |
1.159 |
1.66 |
7375 |
Information retrieval
services |
0.89 |
0.47 |
0.036 |
0.083 |
0.12 |
7381 |
Detective and armored car
services |
11.82 |
9.60 |
0.473 |
0.918 |
1.39 |
7382** |
Security systems
services |
0.06 |
0.05 |
0.003 |
0.005 |
0.01 |
7389 |
Business Services,
misc. |
71.34 |
26.32 |
2.854 |
2.854 |
5.71 |
7520 |
Automobile parking |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.00 |
7910 |
Dance studios and
halls |
1.86 |
1.06 |
0.075 |
0.017 |
0.09 |
7930 |
Bowling centers |
11.72 |
4.67 |
0.469 |
0.110 |
0.58 |
7991 |
Physical fitness
facilities |
15.76 |
8.93 |
0.630 |
0.148 |
0.78 |
7992 |
Public golf courses |
0.22 |
0.13 |
0.009 |
0.002 |
0.01 |
7993 |
Coin-operated amusement
devices |
2.97 |
1.68 |
0.119 |
0.028 |
0.15 |
7997 |
Membership sports and recreation
clubs |
18.44 |
9.07 |
0.738 |
0.331 |
1.07 |
7999** |
Amusement and recreation,
misc. |
67.05 |
38.03 |
2.682 |
0.629 |
3.31 |
|
Sub-Total |
380.31 |
187.58 |
15.111 |
17.957 |
33.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Health
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8010 |
Offices and clinics of medical
doctors |
210.24 |
129.34 |
8.410 |
3.110 |
11.52 |
8020 |
Offices and clinics of
dentists |
113.69 |
69.95 |
4.548 |
1.682 |
6.23 |
8030 |
Offices of osteopathic
physicians |
5.98 |
3.86 |
0.239 |
0.088 |
0.33 |
8041 |
Offices and clinics of
chiropractors |
14.33 |
8.82 |
0.573 |
0.212 |
0.79 |
8042 |
Offices and clinics of
optometrists |
24.98 |
15.36 |
0.999 |
0.370 |
1.37 |
8043 |
Offices and clinics of
podiatrists |
1.91 |
1.17 |
0.076 |
0.028 |
0.10 |
8049 |
misc. offices of health
practitioners |
16.13 |
9.92 |
0.645 |
0.239 |
0.88 |
8050 |
Nursing and personal care
facilities |
99.27 |
65.99 |
3.971 |
3.249 |
7.22 |
8060 |
Hospitals |
163.14 |
103.67 |
6.526 |
5.339 |
11.86 |
8070 |
Medical and dental
laboratories |
9.93 |
4.69 |
0.397 |
0.196 |
0.59 |
8080 |
Home health care
services |
44.95 |
21.22 |
1.798 |
0.886 |
2.68 |
8090 |
mics. Health care
services |
48.35 |
4.81 |
1.934 |
0.953 |
2.89 |
|
Sub-Total |
752.91 |
438.81 |
30.116 |
16.351 |
46.47 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Legal
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8100 |
Legal services |
131.68 |
101.80 |
5.267 |
4.487 |
9.75 |
|
Sub-Total |
131.68 |
101.80 |
5.267 |
4.487 |
9.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Social
Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8320 |
Individual and family
services |
49.90 |
25.04 |
1.996 |
0.222 |
2.22 |
8330 |
Job training and related
services |
52.90 |
27.75 |
2.116 |
0.000 |
2.12 |
8350 |
Child day care
services |
40.83 |
16.81 |
1.633 |
0.000 |
1.63 |
8360 |
Residential care |
19.97 |
15.10 |
0.799 |
0.490 |
1.29 |
8390 |
misc. social services |
4.26 |
2.14 |
0.171 |
0.019 |
0.19 |
|
Sub-Total |
167.87 |
86.83 |
6.715 |
0.730 |
7.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Engineering
and Management Services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8710 |
Engineering and architectural
services |
156.53 |
70.33 |
6.261 |
3.371 |
9.63 |
8720 |
Accounting, auditing, and
bookkeeping |
77.86 |
53.44 |
3.115 |
1.677 |
4.79 |
8730 |
Research and testing
services |
33.41 |
16.57 |
1.337 |
1.337 |
2.67 |
8740 |
Management and public
relations |
99.21 |
57.25 |
3.968 |
3.968 |
7.94 |
8790 |
Services, nec |
21.03 |
14.43 |
0.841 |
0.453 |
1.29 |
|
Sub-Total |
388.05 |
212.03 |
15.522 |
10.806 |
26.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
(High Estimate Including **
Industries) |
###### |
###### |
205.66 |
144.35 |
350.02 |
|
Total
(Low Estimate Omitting ** Industries)
|
###### |
###### |
194.55 |
132.57 |
327.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RAIL
MILE TAX
REAL
ESTATE TRANSFER TAX
STATE
INCOME TAX
1996 Income
Disbursement in
Wyoming
|
|
|
|
|||||
(Data taken
from the IRS Federal Statistics of
Income) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State Adjusted Gross
Income |
Under |
20,000
|
30,000
|
50,000
|
75,000
|
100,000
|
200,000
|
Totals
|
|
$20,000.00
|
under
|
under
|
under
|
under
|
under
|
or more
|
|
|
|
30,000
|
50,000
|
75,000
|
100,000
|
200,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of Tax
Returns |
106,727
|
30,536
|
41,574
|
28,604
|
8,618
|
4,986
|
1,893
|
222,938
|
Percentage
of Returns Filed |
47.9% |
13.7% |
18.6% |
12.8% |
3.9% |
2.2% |
0.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reported
Adjusted Gross Income |
766,961,000
|
752,807,000
|
############# |
############# |
731,116,000
|
653,150,000
|
############# |
############# |
Percentage
of
Income |
9.9% |
9.7% |
21.0% |
22.3% |
9.4% |
8.4% |
19.3% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1997 Income
Disbursement in
Wyoming
|
|
|
|
|||||
(Data taken
from the IRS Federal Statistics of
Income) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State Adjusted Gross
Income |
Under |
20,000
|
30,000
|
50,000
|
75,000
|
100,000
|
200,000
|
Totals
|
|
$20,000.00 |
under
|
under
|
under
|
under
|
under
|
or more
|
|
|
|
30,000
|
50,000
|
75,000
|
100,000
|
200,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of Tax
Returns |
104,998
|
30,724
|
41,866
|
30,547
|
10,105
|
6,009
|
2,346
|
226,595
|
Percentage
of Returns Filed |
46.3% |
13.6% |
18.5% |
13.5% |
4.5% |
2.7% |
1.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reported
Adjusted Gross Income |
772,633,000
|
759,179,000
|
############# |
############# |
858,653,000
|
788,036,000
|
############# |
############# |
Percentage
of
Income |
8.9% |
8.7% |
18.9% |
21.3% |
9.9% |
9.1% |
23.3% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table 2.--Individual
Income and Tax
Data, by State and Size of Adjusted Gross Income, Tax Year
1997 |
|
|
||||||
[Money
amounts are in thousands of dollars] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Size of adjusted gross
income |
|
|
|
State and item
|
All
returns |
Under |
$20,000
|
$30,000
|
$50,000
|
$75,000
|
$100,000
|
$200,000
|
|
|
$20,000 [1] |
under |
under |
under |
under |
under |
or
more |
|
|
|
$30,000
|
$50,000
|
$75,000
|
$100,000
|
$200,000
|
|
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
WYOMING |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
returns................................................................................................................. |
226,595 |
104,998 |
30,724 |
41,866 |
30,547 |
10,105 |
6,009 |
2,346 |
Number of joint
returns.......................................................................................................... |
103,496 |
18,913 |
14,219 |
28,079 |
26,031 |
9,122 |
5,223 |
1,909 |
Number with paid preparer's
signature.......................................................................................................... |
118,489 |
47,392 |
16,272 |
23,621 |
18,015 |
6,425 |
4,619 |
2,145 |
Number of
exemptions
[3]................................................................................................................. |
502,376 |
163,610 |
71,847 |
114,253 |
94,647 |
32,292 |
18,772 |
6,955 |
Adjusted
gross income (AGI) [4]
................................................................................................................. |
8,705,382 |
772,633 |
759,179 |
1,643,337 |
1,853,299 |
858,653 |
788,036 |
2,030,245 |
Salaries and wages in AGI:
[5]
Number.......................................................................................................... |
191,469 |
84,955 |
26,306 |
37,276 |
27,688 |
8,905 |
4,731 |
1,608 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
5,466,682 |
718,940 |
590,637 |
1,317,810 |
1,481,205 |
623,326 |
388,796 |
345,967 |
Taxable interest:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
130,279 |
43,091 |
16,735 |
28,033 |
25,143 |
9,164 |
5,802 |
2,311 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
385,947 |
58,584 |
27,566 |
46,495 |
47,521 |
28,884 |
43,178 |
133,719 |
Tax-exempt interest:
[6]
Number.......................................................................................................... |
9,934 |
1,723 |
892
|
1,833 |
1,988 |
1,112 |
1,353 |
1,033 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
137,611 |
7,683 |
4,641 |
11,412 |
12,777 |
9,276 |
18,987 |
72,833 |
Dividends:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
58,860 |
16,193 |
6,137 |
11,579 |
12,905 |
5,709 |
4,331 |
2,006 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
308,819 |
23,987 |
11,849 |
25,112 |
32,544 |
22,966 |
40,088 |
152,272 |
Business or profession net
income (less
loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number.......................................................................................................... |
38,704 |
13,026 |
5,395 |
8,666 |
6,585 |
2,303 |
1,853 |
876
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
351,331 |
23,995 |
28,395 |
52,914 |
54,268 |
37,597 |
64,699 |
89,464 |
Number of farm
returns.......................................................................................................... |
10,218 |
3,982 |
1,328 |
2,080 |
1,505 |
539
|
497
|
287
|
Net capital gain (less
loss) in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
51,915 |
14,735 |
5,573 |
10,131 |
10,379 |
4,826 |
4,220 |
2,051 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
1,026,330 |
40,353 |
15,871 |
38,616 |
54,040 |
44,223 |
98,635 |
734,592 |
Taxable Individual
Retirement
Arrangement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
distributions:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
11,082 |
2,969 |
1,821 |
2,567 |
2,016 |
841
|
657
|
211
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
106,776 |
12,868 |
10,406 |
18,530 |
20,725 |
12,803 |
16,825 |
14,619 |
Pensions and annuities in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
35,059 |
11,113 |
5,565 |
7,770 |
6,296 |
2,300 |
1,547 |
468
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
445,341 |
77,999 |
63,224 |
104,378 |
97,694 |
42,940 |
39,427 |
19,679 |
Social Security benefits in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
15,057 |
408
|
2,563 |
5,200 |
3,702 |
1,392 |
1,241 |
551
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
111,585 |
1,628 |
4,762 |
27,269 |
37,583 |
16,813 |
15,980 |
7,551 |
Total statutory
adjustments:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
41,305 |
12,928 |
6,152 |
9,614 |
6,352 |
2,514 |
2,447 |
1,298 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
86,561 |
11,713 |
8,675 |
15,907 |
14,003 |
8,440 |
14,059 |
13,763 |
Self-employed retirement
plan
payments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number.......................................................................................................... |
1,851 |
77
|
75
|
262
|
438
|
270
|
452
|
277
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
14,539 |
138
|
201
|
859
|
1,793 |
1,782 |
4,700 |
5,066 |
Total
itemized deductions: [7]
Number................................................................................................................. |
39,115 |
3,634 |
3,628 |
9,914 |
11,685 |
5,307 |
3,477 |
1,470 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
660,383 |
43,749 |
36,465 |
103,838 |
134,173 |
71,354 |
63,693 |
207,112 |
Medical and dental
expense:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
8,593 |
2,521 |
1,534 |
2,537 |
1,426 |
389
|
158
|
28
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
49,857 |
17,668 |
8,086 |
11,823 |
7,143 |
2,501 |
1,963 |
672
|
Taxes paid:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
37,710 |
3,064 |
3,378 |
9,576 |
11,572 |
5,249 |
3,431 |
1,440 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
87,526 |
3,483 |
3,168 |
10,545 |
16,227 |
9,442 |
9,696 |
34,965 |
Interest paid:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
33,725 |
2,319 |
2,844 |
8,599 |
10,821 |
4,924 |
3,047 |
1,171 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
301,411 |
16,519 |
15,767 |
52,164 |
74,769 |
39,451 |
32,598 |
70,142 |
Contributions:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
31,916 |
2,112 |
2,629 |
7,685 |
10,022 |
4,818 |
3,230 |
1,420 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
199,369 |
3,319 |
4,449 |
14,608 |
22,723 |
13,656 |
15,806 |
124,808 |
Taxable
income:
Number................................................................................................................. |
180,566 |
59,764 |
30,111 |
41,716 |
30,526 |
10,101 |
6,005 |
2,343 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
6,206,146 |
256,452 |
394,011 |
1,051,434 |
1,353,761 |
674,127 |
662,723 |
1,813,637 |
Total tax
credits: [8]
Number................................................................................................................. |
15,705 |
2,021 |
1,984 |
4,258 |
3,769 |
1,488 |
1,240 |
945
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
15,080 |
429
|
609
|
1,515 |
1,613 |
763
|
1,315 |
8,836 |
Child care credit:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
10,284 |
1,108 |
1,610 |
3,500 |
2,822 |
837
|
336
|
71
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
3,633 |
337
|
515
|
1,212 |
1,083 |
324
|
123
|
40
|
Earned
income credit: [9]
Number................................................................................................................. |
33,761 |
27,233 |
6,528 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
47,737 |
42,513 |
5,224 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Excess earned income credit
(refundable)
[10]:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number.......................................................................................................... |
25,986 |
23,872 |
2,114 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
37,845 |
36,290 |
1,555 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Income tax:
[11]
Number................................................................................................................. |
179,609 |
58,930 |
30,026 |
41,685 |
30,520 |
10,101 |
6,005 |
2,342 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
1,375,826 |
38,180 |
58,305 |
163,361 |
228,823 |
134,567 |
153,135 |
599,453 |
Total tax
liability: [12]
Number................................................................................................................. |
186,950 |
65,948 |
30,273 |
41,746 |
30,530 |
10,103 |
6,007 |
2,343 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
1,441,733 |
48,408 |
64,971 |
175,491 |
240,867 |
141,738 |
163,024 |
607,233 |
Tax due at
time of filing: [13]
Number................................................................................................................. |
59,648 |
17,462 |
7,744 |
13,333 |
11,074 |
5,192 |
3,498 |
1,345 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
222,163 |
7,955 |
7,435 |
18,649 |
23,807 |
18,216 |
29,509 |
116,594 |
Overpayments:
[14]
Number................................................................................................................. |
153,396 |
79,835 |
21,907 |
27,062 |
18,281 |
4,238 |
1,695 |
378
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
192,363 |
75,538 |
22,504 |
32,518 |
30,283 |
8,955 |
7,085 |
15,480 |
|
|
|
|
|
Size of adjusted gross
income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State and item
|
All
returns |
Under |
$20,000
|
$30,000
|
$50,000
|
$75,000
|
$100,000
|
$200,000
|
|
|
$20,000 [1] |
under |
under |
under |
under |
under |
or
more |
|
|
|
$30,000
|
$50,000
|
$75,000
|
$100,000
|
$200,000
|
|
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
WYOMING |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
returns................................................................................................................. |
222,938 |
106,721 |
30,535 |
41,574 |
28,604 |
8,618 |
4,988 |
1,898 |
Number of joint
returns.......................................................................................................... |
103,664 |
21,070 |
15,086 |
28,938 |
24,801 |
7,865 |
4,334 |
1,570 |
Number with paid preparer's
signature.......................................................................................................... |
102,771 |
41,014 |
14,079 |
21,171 |
15,646 |
5,288 |
3,839 |
1,734 |
Number of
exemptions
[3]................................................................................................................. |
451,924 |
143,137 |
66,806 |
109,784 |
86,490 |
26,335 |
14,354 |
5,018 |
Adjusted gross
income (AGI)
[4]................................................................................................................. |
7,758,177 |
766,961 |
752,807 |
1,632,776 |
1,727,076 |
731,116 |
653,150 |
1,494,290 |
Salaries and wages in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
188,721 |
86,119 |
26,251 |
37,287 |
26,132 |
7,674 |
3,936 |
1,322 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
5,213,435 |
720,097 |
587,422 |
1,319,501 |
1,390,980 |
538,128 |
323,978 |
333,328 |
Taxable interest:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
129,869 |
45,415 |
17,181 |
28,736 |
23,961 |
7,908 |
4,785 |
1,883 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
354,376 |
64,775 |
30,434 |
48,252 |
46,661 |
25,901 |
38,425 |
99,927 |
Tax-exempt interest
[5]:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
10,311 |
2,042 |
1,030 |
2,002 |
2,090 |
1,032 |
1,257 |
858
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
126,146 |
12,214 |
6,322 |
13,481 |
14,413 |
7,787 |
18,028 |
53,901 |
Dividends:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
55,697 |
15,898 |
6,205 |
11,726 |
11,922 |
4,833 |
3,512 |
1,601 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
260,188 |
27,261 |
12,232 |
24,847 |
29,384 |
18,803 |
32,457 |
115,204 |
Business or profession net
income (less
loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number.......................................................................................................... |
39,007 |
13,770 |
5,585 |
9,063 |
6,264 |
1,973 |
1,623 |
729
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
320,435 |
25,803 |
26,754 |
53,050 |
51,151 |
31,438 |
64,303 |
67,938 |
Number of farm
returns.......................................................................................................... |
10,177 |
4,486 |
1,388 |
1,964 |
1,243 |
464
|
403
|
229
|
Net capital gain (less
loss) in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
48,447 |
14,454 |
5,638 |
9,775 |
9,466 |
4,052 |
3,404 |
1,658 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
691,079 |
40,885 |
14,461 |
31,551 |
44,195 |
35,886 |
73,725 |
450,376 |
Taxable Individual Retirement
Arrangements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
distributions [6]:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
10,428 |
3,122 |
1,737 |
2,425 |
1,814 |
686
|
487
|
157
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
88,293 |
12,378 |
8,875 |
17,248 |
18,418 |
10,604 |
12,574 |
8,197 |
Pensions and annuities in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
34,028 |
11,683 |
5,561 |
7,592 |
5,768 |
1,855 |
1,198 |
371
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
407,340 |
80,477 |
62,822 |
100,396 |
86,696 |
33,980 |
29,176 |
13,791 |
Social Security benefits in
AGI:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
13,568 |
454
|
2,441 |
4,954 |
3,262 |
1,068 |
964
|
425
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
94,491 |
1,393 |
4,421 |
25,456 |
32,622 |
12,666 |
12,068 |
5,864 |
Total statutory
adjustments:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
40,613 |
13,380 |
6,250 |
9,684 |
5,850 |
2,202 |
2,147 |
1,100 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
77,883 |
11,350 |
8,429 |
15,495 |
12,321 |
7,275 |
12,858 |
10,156 |
Self-employment
retirement plans
[6]:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
1,687 |
76
|
80
|
259
|
392
|
255
|
418
|
207
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
12,438 |
175
|
200
|
809
|
1,548 |
1,634 |
4,498 |
3,575 |
Total
itemized
deductions [7]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
37,224 |
3,853 |
3,673 |
9,748 |
11,045 |
4,701 |
2,981 |
1,223 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
583,139 |
46,371 |
35,836 |
98,853 |
122,459 |
60,808 |
53,712 |
165,099 |
Medical and dental
expense:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
8,462 |
2,695 |
1,603 |
2,401 |
1,286 |
310
|
144
|
23
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
46,959 |
17,734 |
8,544 |
10,480 |
6,059 |
2,064 |
1,582 |
498
|
Taxes paid:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
35,942 |
3,232 |
3,447 |
9,493 |
10,974 |
4,663 |
2,927 |
1,206 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
74,563 |
4,711 |
3,194 |
10,153 |
14,772 |
8,246 |
8,376 |
25,112 |
Interest paid:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
32,132 |
2,474 |
2,837 |
8,553 |
10,287 |
4,370 |
2,625 |
986
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
263,109 |
17,115 |
14,798 |
48,694 |
68,653 |
33,675 |
26,774 |
53,400 |
Contributions:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
30,715 |
2,305 |
2,665 |
7,794 |
9,671 |
4,319 |
2,772 |
1,189 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
178,815 |
3,473 |
4,459 |
15,013 |
21,413 |
11,075 |
13,682 |
109,700 |
Taxable
income:
Number................................................................................................................. |
175,721 |
60,176 |
30,007 |
41,465 |
28,581 |
8,613 |
4,984 |
1,895 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
5,433,672 |
260,523 |
395,429 |
1,056,792 |
1,269,893 |
577,777 |
550,348 |
1,322,911 |
Total
tax credits
[8]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
15,416 |
2,056 |
2,033 |
4,446 |
3,751 |
1,332 |
1,063 |
735
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
12,170 |
433
|
603
|
1,528 |
1,489 |
708
|
1,175 |
6,234 |
Child care credit:
Number.......................................................................................................... |
10,397 |
1,124 |
1,643 |
3,660 |
2,847 |
767
|
289
|
67
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
3,555 |
329
|
505
|
1,254 |
1,043 |
285
|
111
|
29
|
Earned income
credit [9]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
33,549 |
27,647 |
5,902 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
46,033 |
41,696 |
4,337 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Excess earned income credit
(refundable)
[10]:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number.......................................................................................................... |
25,910 |
24,086 |
1,824 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
36,423 |
35,212 |
1,211 |
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
Income tax
[11]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
174,841 |
59,408 |
29,929 |
41,439 |
28,573 |
8,613 |
4,984 |
1,895 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
1,252,561 |
39,229 |
58,916 |
165,665 |
218,008 |
118,148 |
131,736 |
520,861 |
Total
tax liability
[12]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
182,193 |
66,524 |
30,107 |
41,486 |
28,580 |
8,613 |
4,986 |
1,897 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
1,313,661 |
49,644 |
65,239 |
177,831 |
229,072 |
124,068 |
140,667 |
527,139 |
Tax
due at time of
filing [13]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
58,375 |
17,978 |
7,867 |
13,447 |
10,719 |
4,383 |
2,913 |
1,068 |
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
162,567 |
8,143 |
7,370 |
18,338 |
22,607 |
15,365 |
26,919 |
63,826 |
Overpayments
[14]:
Number................................................................................................................. |
150,569 |
80,391 |
21,509 |
26,606 |
16,758 |
3,665 |
1,329 |
311
|
Amount.......................................................................................................... |
180,944 |
73,575 |
21,257 |
31,466 |
26,497 |
7,416 |
5,892 |
14,841 |
See footnotes in file
footnt2.txt. |
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